Avanti International 822 Bay Star Blvd. Webster, TX 77598 800-877-2570 281-486-5600      Select Product Below Show All AC-50W Root Inhibitor AV-100 Chemical Grout AV-101 Catalyst T AV-102 Catalyst AP AV-103 Catalyst SP AV-105 Ethylene Glycol AV-118 Duriflex Acrylic Gel AV-160 SuperGel AV-200 Dura-Set AV-202 Multigrout AV-208 Acetone AV-215 Resin Rod AV-219 Fibrotite/Oakum AV-222 Cleaner AV-248 Flexseal AV-249 Accelerator AV-254 Gel Seal AV-255G Grout Side Accelerator AV-257 Icoset AV-275 Soilgrout AV-278 Low Vis Hydro AV-279 Low Vis Accel AV-280 Hydrofoam AV-280-12 Hydrofoam AV-281 Hydrocel AV-284 Pump Wash AV-290 Fast-Set AV-310 Hydro Sealant AV-315 Micro Foam AV-330 Safeguard AV-333 Injectaflex AV-350 Multi Gel AV-351 Accelerator Potassium Ferricyanide (KFe) Ultrafine Cementitious Grout Show All _____________________________________________________ Select Grout Type Below Show All Additives and Catalysts Cementitious Grout Chemically Activated Gel Elastomer Hydrophobic Foam Hydrophylic Foam Hydrophylic Gel Pumps Safety Supplies Show All _____________________________________________________ Select Application Below Show All Airports Concrete Repair Curtain Grouting Dams Encapsulation of Hazardous Waste Geotechnical Laterals Mainline Sewers Manholes Mines Oil Wells Parking Structures Probe Grouting Sewers (all applications) Soil Stabilization Storm Sewers Subways Tunnels Underground Structures Show All _____________________________________________________ << Go back to previous page Date: 1960 Author: American Cyanamid Publication: AM-9 Technical Manual Title: Grouting River Bed for Dam Corewall Construction LOCATION: Malpaso Dam, Chiapas, Mexico OWNER: Government of Mexico GROUTING CONTRACTOR: Solum, Geotecnia, S.A. PROBLEM: A high earth-fill dam was being constructed across the Grijalva River. After diversion of the river, seepage was still occurring through the river bed sands. When the core area was excavated to bedrock, a pool was formed. Pumps could not dry out the area. A similar excavation was made upstream, forming a second pool. Pumping this second pool also proved ineffective in drying out the core wall area. SOLUTION: A concrete cap, about three meters wide by two meters thick by eight meters long, was poured on the dike separating the two pools. This dike could then be grouted to shut off the water flow. As cement would not penetrate the medium to fine sand in the dikes, chemical grouting was required. APPLICATION: A three-row grout pattern of twenty-three holes was laid out, making maximum use of holes previously drilled for cement grouting. Outer rows and distances between holes in these rows were intended to be one meter. Grout pipes were placed by water jetting through holes drilled in the concrete cap. Since the depth of jetting was limited, it was necessary to treat some holes several times, each treatment stage being deeper than previous stages. The grouting sequence was selected to provide physical confinement of possible grout flow channels in the center row. Average depth of hole from bottom of concrete cap to bedrock was about two meters. Take was kept to a maximum of 25 gallons per vertical foot of hole, wherever stage grouting was possible. AM-9 solution was pumped at 5 to 10 gpm, and grouting pressures were generally low, less than 50 psi. Pressures were higher in the center row of holes, reaching 175 psi on one occasion. Gel times were generally between 45 seconds and 1 ½ minutes, but were reduced to 5 to 10 seconds whenever open grout channels were encountered. A total of 2,215 gallons of AM-9 Chemical Grout were placed during a total of 51 hours of working time with only 5 ½ hours of actual grouting time. RESULTS: After completion of grouting, all seepage had been shut off. The core wall area was pumped dry, and construction of the core wall could continue. Note: In 1978, AM-9 Chemical Grout was replaced in the marketplace by AV-100 Chemical Grout.