Avanti International 822 Bay Star Blvd. Webster, TX 77598 800-877-2570 281-486-5600      Select Product Below Show All AC-50W Root Inhibitor AV-100 Chemical Grout AV-101 Catalyst T AV-102 Catalyst AP AV-103 Catalyst SP AV-105 Ethylene Glycol AV-118 Duriflex Acrylic Gel AV-160 SuperGel AV-200 Dura-Set AV-202 Multigrout AV-208 Acetone AV-215 Resin Rod AV-219 Fibrotite/Oakum AV-222 Cleaner AV-248 Flexseal AV-249 Accelerator AV-254 Gel Seal AV-255G Grout Side Accelerator AV-257 Icoset AV-275 Soilgrout AV-278 Low Vis Hydro AV-279 Low Vis Accel AV-280 Hydrofoam AV-280-12 Hydrofoam AV-281 Hydrocel AV-284 Pump Wash AV-290 Fast-Set AV-310 Hydro Sealant AV-315 Micro Foam AV-330 Safeguard AV-333 Injectaflex AV-350 Multi Gel AV-351 Accelerator Potassium Ferricyanide (KFe) Ultrafine Cementitious Grout Show All _____________________________________________________ Select Grout Type Below Show All Additives and Catalysts Cementitious Grout Chemically Activated Gel Elastomer Hydrophobic Foam Hydrophylic Foam Hydrophylic Gel Pumps Safety Supplies Show All _____________________________________________________ Select Application Below Show All Airports Concrete Repair Curtain Grouting Dams Encapsulation of Hazardous Waste Geotechnical Laterals Mainline Sewers Manholes Mines Oil Wells Parking Structures Probe Grouting Sewers (all applications) Soil Stabilization Storm Sewers Subways Tunnels Underground Structures Show All _____________________________________________________ << Go back to previous page Date: 1960 Author: American Cyanamid Publication: AM-9 Technical Manual Title: Stabilizing Soil for Construction of Tunnels Location: Bergen Generating Station, Bergen, New Jersey, U.S.A. Owner: Public Service Electric Gas Company of New Jersey Contractor: Thomas Adair Contracting Company PROBLEM: In this project, two 12-foot diameter by 270-foot long tunnels were to be driven beneath thirteen sets of live railroad tracks on the property of the New York Central, New York, Susquehanna, and Western Railroads. These tunnels would carry cooling water to and from the new 580,000-kW Bergen Generating Station and the Hackensack River. Grade specifications required that these tunnels be driven with an overburden ranging from 1 ½ to 5 feet, through a heavily watered soil consisting of railroad embankment fill, meadow mat, fine sand, and silt over a clay bottom. The project had to be completed without disturbing the roadbed or traffic. SOLUTION: Grouting with AM-9 was selected for this project over other possible methods because of the speed and ease of application, and non-interference with railroad operations. APPLICATION: The AM-9 solution was applied through a grid pattern of injection points driven from the surface to the clay belt below the spring line of the tunnel. Open ended pipes plugged with a rivet were placed by jack-hammer. Slight withdrawal, plus application of pressure, blew out the rivet at the start of grouting. Grout volumes were based on the assumption that grout would completely fill the voids in the treated area. A predetermined volume of grout was pumped into each injection point, using gel times of 3 to 5 minutes and pumping rates of 5 to 10 gpm. Pressure seldom exceeded 40 psi. RESULTS: Application footage rates ranged up to 40 lineal feet of soil stabilized per eight-hour day. The use of AM-9 proved completely satisfactory. It enabled the contractor to tunnel an average of 12 feet per 24-hour day and complete the tunnels in about 50 working days. Note: In 1978, AM-9 Chemical Grout was replaced in the marketplace by AV-100 Chemical Grout.