Extremely low viscosity acrylic resin with gel times from 5 seconds to several hours. Nonflammable.

AV-118 Duriflex is firm and transparent.

Solubility
The gel produced by AV-118 Duriflex is not soluble in water, solvents or hydrocarbons.

Swelling and Shrinkage
The gel may swell in water up to 200% of initial volume if unconfined. Swelling pressures are small, however, caution should be used if excess pressure is a concern.

Conversely, placement with exposure to dry conditions for an extended period, may cause shrinkage. Swelling will reoccur if exposed to conditions of high humidity or if reimmersed in water; however, fractures formed during drying will not heal.

In dry soils or above the frost line, the addition of AV-105 Ethylene Glycol to AV-118 Duriflex in lieu of water to either tank (or both) will help in retarding dehydration. The maximum amount of AV-105 Ethylene Glycol which can be added is 6.8% of the total mixed volume. Use only AV-105 Ethylene Glycol supplied in plastic or plastic lined metal pails. Contact with ferrous metal may cause undesirable catalization of chemical grout in either the grout side tank or the grout hose.

Corrosiveness
Because of the oxidizing property of AV-103 Catalyst SP, grouting solutions are corrosive to steel. The long term effect of the gel on mild steel plate is nearly the same as that of water.

Corrosiveness can be controlled if necessary by adding 5% of a 50/50 mixture of Sodium Phosphate di and tri basic into the grout. In this event, the balance of catalyst in the mix solutions must be readjusted since phosphate retards the set time.

Permanence/Stability
AV-118 Duriflex gel is resistant to attack by fungi, alkali, diluted acids, salts and gases which are normally present in soils, rock or concrete structures.

Compressive Strength (on Fontainebleau Sand)
AV-118 Duriflex with 3 parts water - 130 psi (0.7 PMa)

The gel time is the period between the mixing of the two primary solutions together and gelation of the final solution. When gelation occurs, the viscosity of the grout instantly increases to yield a cohesive, transparent gel.

Gel time of the AV-118 Duriflex grout can be controlled by changing the catalyst ratios. The two catalysts AV-103 Catalyst SP and AV-101 Catalyst T+ are the additives which exert the primary influence on gel time. If long gel time is needed (especially when working with high temperatures) sufficient Potassium Ferricyanide (KFe) must also be added.

The gel time of AV-118 Duriflex grout can also be significantly influenced by the grout temperature, the pH of the grout solution, and the amount of oxygen dissolved in the grout solution.

In addition, gel time can be influenced by contact with certain metals, by exposure to ultraviolet rays from sunlight, or by the presence of certain mineral salts in the water used to make the grout solution.

The gel time obtained from a given mix should be determined in the field. Tests of gel time under ambient conditions using water which will be mixed with the grout are recommended.

Influence of Temperature
Gel time for any given catalyst ratio will increase as the temperature of the grout solution decreases, and will decrease as the temperature of the solution increases. As a rough rule of thumb, gel time is reduced by half if the temperature of the grout solution rises 10°F.

Influence of pH
In general, as the pH of the grout solution drops, gel time will increase.
However, with most water supplies, the grout pH is buffered between 8 and 9 when using 0.2 to 1% AV-101 Catalyst T+. As a practical matter, the use of highly alkaline or acidic water will significantly influence the gel time. Under such conditions, gel time becomes erratic.

Presence of Entrained Oxygen in the Solution
Oxygen entrained and dissolved during vigorous mixing of the solutions will increase gel time.

Contact with Particular Metals
Metals such as iron and copper have an unpredictable effect on the set time of the AV-118 Duriflex. The use of plastic or stainless steel tanks is recommended for mixing the grout solutions.

Influence of Ultraviolet Rays
Ultraviolet rays also initiate gelation. For this reason, the AV-118 Duriflex solution must be kept out of direct sunlight. This would include all process equipment such as open drums, solution mixes, sight glass flow meters and pipes.

Presence of Mineral Salts
The presence of soluble salts (sodium chloride, phosphates, etc.) in the grouting solution can increase or decrease gel time.

Very Short Gel Times
Gel times from a few seconds up to 1 minute can be obtained by using high ratios of AV-103 Catalyst SP and AV-101 Catalyst T+.

Example of Formulation
If the grout solution is diluted by running water in the grout zone the gel time will be retarded, making the set time to solids formation longer. If this is undesirable, more catalyst must be added to the solution. The set time will be 2 to 4 times longer if the grout is diluted in the grout zone with an equal volume (100% dilution) of water.

Increased Density
If required, the density of AV-118 Duriflex can be increased by the addition of diatomaceous earth -- approximately 5% of the weight of the total mixed batch weight. Not only will the density increase, the compressive strength of the grout (into such applications as crushed stone bedding) will increase as well.

AV-257 Icoset may be added to the AV-118 Duriflex Chemical Grout tank in lieu of water. The minimum amount of Icoset to add to the grout side tank is 5% of the total mix volume (60 gals.) or 3 gallons. Additional AV-257 Icoset may be added only if the valving mechanism on the inflatable packers will tolerate it. Never add AV-257 Icoset to the AV-103 Catalyst SP tank.

Dye in the Grout Solution
To trace the path of an injected solution, it may be useful to use dye. The recommended dye for this purpose is TADCO Tracer Water Soluble Dyes at a concentration of 2 (.07 oz.) to 10 g. (.35 oz.) per 26 gals. of solution. This solution can be stored for one day only and must remain completely out of sunlight.

The shelf life of AV-118 Duriflex is 6 months minimum, when stored at temperatures from 5°C to 30°C (41°F to 86°F).

AV-118 Duriflex will retain its properties if dry stored at temperatures below 30°C (86°F). AV-103 Catalyst SP must be kept dry (out of high humidity) and stored as a combustible material. AV-101 Catalyst T+ may be stored in the original unopened container for at least one year.

Handling of AV-118 Duriflex Grout Solutions
Prevent the contact of the grouting solutions with skin or clothing. Should such contact occur, the skin should be washed with water and clothing changed.

Protective Equipment
Operators preparing and injecting AV-118 Duriflex solution should wear waterproof trousers and coats, protective eye glasses, and rubber boots and gloves. Running water for washing should be available.

Toxicity
The single dose oral LD₅₀ of AV-118 Duriflex for rats has been shown by unpublished internal studies to be approximately 1,000 mg/kg of body weight.

AV-118 Duriflex when properly catalyzed, produces a gel which is essentially nontoxic.

The data, information and statements contained herein are believed to be reliable, but are not construed as a warranty or representation for which Avanti International assumes any legal responsibility. Since field conditions vary widely, users must undertake sufficient verification and testing to determine the suitability of any product or process mentioned in this or any other written material from Avanti for their own particular use. NO WARRANTY OF SUITABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE IS MADE. In no case shall Avanti International be liable for consequential, special, or indirect damages resulting from the use or handling of this product.